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Internal Medicine

Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone Secretion (SIADH)

Last Updated on December 4, 2022

Criteria by Barrter and Schwartz

  • Decreased serum osmolality (<275 mOsm/kg)
  • Increased urine osmolality (>100 mOsm/kg)
  • Increased urine sodium (>20 mmol/L)
  • Euvolaemia
  • No other causes of hyponatraemia such as
    • Diuretic use
    • Hypothyroidism
    • Cortisol deficiency
    • Pseudohyponatraemia e.g. hyperproteinaemia, hyperlipidaemia, hyperglycaemia

Causes

  • Infection e.g. pneumonia, Tuberculosis
  • Malignancy e.g. small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer
  • Neurological causes e.g. meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, stroke, subarachnoid haemorrhage, subdural haemorrhage
  • Medications e.g. SSRIs, carbamazepine, anti-psychotics
  1. Hyponatraemia

Further Reading / Reference

  1. Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone

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