Framework of Management in ED — ROSE
📑Resuscitate (to bring patient out of life-threatening condition)
• Oxygen
• Fluid
• Medications
• Hospital admission
📑Optimise treatment
• Does the patient require higher O2 supply? (e.g. from NPO2 to Venturi mask)
• Does the patient require more fluid? Does the patient respond to fluid?
• e.g. if patient has restriction of fluid (ROF), maybe can consider to give titrated fluid bolus (e.g. 100 – 200 mL over 1 hour, then reassess clinically and sonographically)
📑Stabilize patient / Target of Monitoring / Target to Stabilize
• GCS
• Capillary glucose (Dxt)
• MAP
• Urine output
📑Evaluation of treatment
• Is the treatment given correct?
• Target achieved?
• Can treatment be stopped?