Framework of Management in ED — ROSE 📑Resuscitate (to bring patient out of life-threatening condition) • Oxygen • Fluid • Medications • Hospital admission 📑Optimise treatment • Does the patient require higher O2 supply? (e.g. from NPO2 to Venturi mask) • Does the patient require more fluid? Does the patient respond to fluid? • e.g. […]
Glossary Category:
Safety Triangle Borders of safety triangle • Anterior border: Lateral border of pectoralis major • Lateral border: Lateral border of latissimus dorsi • Inferior border: 5th intercostal space Why safety triangle is important? • A site with minimised risk of internal organ perforation during chest tube insertion Notes: • For maximum exposure of safety triangle, […]
Abbreviation: SBP • Systolic blood pressure • Spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
Sensitivity (in statistics) • Meaning: the proportion of people with the disease who have the sign (Example: test A has sensitivity of 80% — means performing test A will pick up 80% of the people with disease X) • If a sensitive test is negative, it helps to rule out the disease
Criteria for Severe Dengue Severe plasma leakage, leading to shock / respiratory distress Severe bleeding, as evaluated by clinician Severe organ involvement — Liver ALT or AST ≥1000 // Impaired consciousness // Involvement of heart or other organs
Shockable rhythm: Ventricular fibrillation, pulseless ventricular tachycardia Non-shockable rhythm: asystole, pulseless electrical activity (PEA)
Skeletal Survey – A series of X-rays, performed systematically to cover the entire skeleton or the anatomic regions appropriate for the clinical indications – To look for bone lesions (lytic / sclerotic) & TRO fracture – Components depend on hospitals, e.g. skull, chest, bilateral hands, pelvis, lumbosacral ===== – Multiple myeloma: raindrop skull (in skull […]
SOCRATES is a mnemonic used for pain assessment/description that we used since medical school • Site – where is the pain? • Onset – when did the pain start? Did the pain start suddenly? • Character – e.g. aching, stabbing, sharp, crushing, burning pain • Associated symptoms – e.g. vomiting, weight loss, cough, fever etc. […]
Sodium bicarbonate
Stimson’s Technique (modified) ✎Patient prone on table with affected limb hanging freely over edges, the dislocated shoulder could be reduced for at least 10 – 15 minutes, PROVIDED patient must be fully sedated and muscles must be fully relaxed ===== Disadvantages: ✎Prolonged duration of sedation is required ✎Difficult choice of PSA • Respiratory inhibition VS […]