“Time is muscle” Introduction Clinical spectrum of ACS Anatomy-related • Left anterior descending () artery: anteroseptal infarct • Circumflex branch of LCA: posterior wall of LV; • Right coronary artery: posterior and inferior wall of LV; posterior part of septum; right ventricle; SA node; AV node Differential diagnoses • Aortic dissection Presentation / History Taking […]
Definition Mild hyperkalaemia: >5.5 – 6.0 mmol/L Moderate hyperkalaemia: >6.0 – 7.0 mmol/L Severe hyperkalaemia: >7 mmol/L 💡Tips– Check formal RP result, to look for documentation of ‘haemolysed blood‘ in the formal report. If so, the ‘hyperkalaemia’ might not be reliable and RP should be repeated prior to giving treatment. – Do ECG! If ECG […]
COPD Assessment Modified MRC Dyspnoea scale mMRC Grade 0: I only get breathless with strenuous exercise mMRC Grade 1: I get short of breath when / walking up a slight hill mMRC Grade 2: I walk slower than people of the same age on the level because of breathlessness // I have to stop for […]
Risk Factors • History of thromboembolism / Inherited thrombophilia• • • Malignancy• Active inflammation• Pregnancy / COCP / HRT Investigations Blood • D-Dimer : Cardiac USG for massive acute pulmonary embolism : – right ventricle with of right ventricular apex – right ventricular wall– —–• is no longer a reliable sign for pulmonary embolism —–Relevant […]
Definition • Severe hypertension = persistent elevated SBP >180 mmHg and/or DBP >110 mmHg • Hypertensive crises — Hypertensive urgency / Hypertensive emergency• Hypertensive urgency = Severe HTN + grade III or IV retinal changes; without acute target organ damage • Hypertensive emergency = + acute • Resistant hypertension = Uncontrolled HTN (>140/90 mmHg) with […]
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