Pathophysiology • Cardiac rhythms arise from , with heart rate of <60 bpm Presentation • Usually asymptomatic ECG • P wave in lead II: inverted / • Regular rhythm• Narrow QRS complex • Ventricular rate 45 – 60 bpm References Junctional bradycardia is a potential risk factor of stroke Junctional rhythms ECG review
Description • Alternating QRS amplitude, seen in any or all leads on an ECG, with no additional changes to the conduction pathways of the heart Pathophysiology Alternating QRS amplitude is due to the effect of “swinging heart” from the fluid surrounding the heart Significance Typically associated with pericardial effusion / cardiac tamponade Other causes of […]
Criteria / Features One of the followings:• Present in V1 – V3• >0.04 seconds (1 mm) wide• > 2 mm deep • >25% of depth of QRS complex Significance • Usually indicates current / previous MI Reference / Further Reading
Diagnostic criteria • S wave depth in V1 + tallest R wave height in V5-V6 > 35 mm Voltage criteria Limb LeadsR wave in lead I + S wave in lead III > 25 mmR wave in aVL > 11 mmR wave in aVF > 20 mmS wave in aVR > 14 mm Precordial LeadsR […]