Last Updated on August 24, 2022
Risk Factors
• History of thromboembolism / Inherited thrombophilia
• Immobility
• Surgery (Post-operation)
• Malignancy
• Active inflammation
• Pregnancy / COCP / HRT
Investigations
Blood
• D-Dimer
Bedside USG : Cardiac USG for massive acute pulmonary embolism
Signs:
– Large right ventricle with blunting of right ventricular apex
– Thin right ventricular wall
– D-shaped left ventricle
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• McConnel sign is no longer a reliable sign for pulmonary embolism
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Relevant posts:
– Cardiac ultrasound in emergency
Q&A
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References / Further Reading
- Guide to essentials in emergency medicine (2nd ed, Shirley Ooi et al.): cardiac ultrasound for massive pulmonary embolism
- Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine, 10th ED