Last Updated on July 13, 2022
“Any bleed within the cranium is a medical emergency!”
Introduction
Classification
• Traumatic VS Non-traumatic
• Intracerebral VS Extra-cerebral
https://www.myupchar.com/en / https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:An_illustration_of_the_different_types_of_brain_hemorrhage.pngSubtopics
Subdural Haematoma
📌Pathophysiology
• Bleeding from bridging veins between cortex and venous sinuses (vulnerable to deceleration injury) → accumulating haematoma between dura and arachnoid → gradual increased ICP & midline shift
📌Causes
Traumatic
• Trauma
Non-traumatic
• Dural metastases
📌Risk factors
• Elderly
• Fall
• Anticoagulant
Investigations
Blood
• FBC
• Coagulation profile
• GSH / GXM
Imaging — CT brain
(i) Possible findings:
• Haematoma
• Hydrocephalus
• Midline shift
(ii) Estimation of haematoma volume:
Tips in Referring Neurosurgery for ICB
Intracranial haemorrhage requires Neurosurgical referral, but not all intracranial haemorrhage require neurosurgical intervention.
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Q&A
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Further Reading
- Non-traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage, Radiology Assistant
- Traumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage, Radiology Assistant